A. M. The Second Punic War was fought between Rome, Carthage, and their mutual allies. Hannibal scared the Romans by invading them over the mountains from Hispania with war elephants. Before leaving Spain, however, Hannibal was well aware that Roman forces intended for him would try to meet him there. They fought in 218 BC-202 BC. The Romans lost half of their army. The Second Punic War. Carthage had begun colonizing Spain, and Rome responded by declaring war. Even second-hand accounts can be hard to come by, so it's significant that in their A History of Rome, historians M. Cary and H.H. In the Second Punic War, various Roman commanders faced Hannibal, leader of the forces of Carthaginians, their allies, and mercenaries.Four major Roman commanders made a name for themselves in the following main battles of the second Punic War. This paper analyzes the Second Punic War using the Contextual and Operational Elements found in the Campaign Planning Model to determine how Rome and Carthage conducted the war, and whether they maintained congruency as each respective country pursued their national objective. Notes. Hannibal’s crossing of the Alps took place in the Second Punic War in 218 BC. Hannibal, during the Second Punic War. The Second Punic War (which can also be referred to as The Hannibalic War) was a long gruesome war that lasted from 218 to 201 BC. While this war was a lot shorter than the First Punic War, it is most well known for the Carthage leader Hannibal who caused massive damage to the Romans. After great tension within the city government culminating in the assassination of the supporters of Carthage, Hannibal laid siege to the city of Sagunt in 218 BC. This war was fought over three fronts with Sicily never being a problem and the Romans defending resolutely, southern Spain where Carthage was able … Hannibal faced Scipio and Tiberius Sempronius Longus. It began in 218 B.C., and continued through 201 B.C. This breach of the recently signed treaty is considered by modern historians to be the single greatest cause of war with Carthage breaking out again in 218 BC in the Second Punic War. This war was fought between the Roman Republic and Carthage. The Second Punic War (218–201 BC) saw the famous invasion of Italy by Carthaginian general Hannibal. Carthage failed to effectively employ all aspects of national power into a national strategy, which doomed Carthage when confronted with the more coherent Roman strategy. Over the next decades, Rome took over control of both Corsica and Sardinia as well, but Carthage was able to establish a new base of influence in … These commanders were Sempronius, at the Trebbia River, Flaminius, at Lake Trasimene, Paullus, at Cannae, and Scipio, at Zama. Carthage was a civilization that inhabited parts of Northern Africa … The Carthaginians did not have an overall leader in the twenty three year-long First Punic War, except for towards the end. Although Roman resilience and resources were stretched to near breaking point by a string of defeats, Rome ultimately emerged victorious, and the war marked the end of Carthage as a regional power. Although the Second Punic War spread to Greece, the fighting there, known as the First Macedonian War (215-205 BC) was something of a side issue, and involved almost no Punic troops, and rarely more than a single Roman legion. It will compare and contrast the national strategies employed by both Rome and Carthage. He won the Battle of the Trebia and kept winning battles by being a good general. He then Second Punic War where Hannibal is the primary Carthaginian commander throughout, whereas the Romans had more than a dozen commanders. The Second Punic War was a war led by Hannibal for Carthage and Scipio Africanus for Rome. Map of the Battle of the Trebia 218 BC . The Second Punic War is known as Hannibal’s War or against Hannibal. The Carthaginian forces were led by Hannibal (247 - c.181 BC). . While the First Punic War had been fought largely over control of Sicily, the Second Punic War involved confrontations in Spain, Italy, Sicily, Sardinia, and North Africa.The Carthaginians were led by Hannibal, one of the most gifted commanders in history, but the Romans … Carthage was in a difficult situation after the defeat of the First Punic War. The Events of the Second Punic War in a Nutshell. The Second Punic War or the Hannibalic War lasted sixteen years from 218 BC to 202 BC and was fought between the two major powers of Rome and Carthage. This war is often simply known as Hannibal’s war. 1. Rome issued a series of demands; it ordered Carthage to surrender unconditionally and agree to disband its army. Add your answer and earn points. Let’s now take a look at the important events of the Third Punic War. After that, … As the second in the series of three wars between the two nations, the Hannibalic War was a war of great struggle that filled all of Rome with fear for their lives and for losing all they had established. The Second Punic War, also referred to as The Hannibalic War and (by the Romans) The War Against Hannibal, lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean.This was the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic and its allied Italic socii, with the crucial participation of Numidian-Berber armies and tribes on both sides. These events fuelled resentment of Rome in Carthage, which was not reconciled to Rome's perception of its situation. The Second Punic War (aka The Hannibalic War) was fought between Carthage and Rome between 218 and 201 BCE. The outbreak of the Second Punic War began when Hannibal moved north across Ebro to begin his historic march over the Alps. The Third Punic War was the third and last of the Punic Wars fought between Carthage and Rome, and lasted from 149 to 146 BC.The war was fought entirely within Carthaginian territory, in modern northern Tunisia.When the Second Punic War ended in 201 BC, one of the terms of the peace treaty prohibited Carthage from waging war without Rome's permission. The war was begun by Philip V of Macedonia, who was worried about Roman expansion in Illyria, on his western border. Hannibal’s father, Hamilcar Barca, commanded the city’s forces in the First Punic War. See answer ujgg is waiting for your help. Hannibal forces the pace, taking the bold decision that his best chance of victory is to carry the war into Italy - where the ability to sustain a long campaign on Roman soil has been proved, in recent history, by Pyrrhus . It lasted between 218 and 201 BC. Carthage was the big loser in the two previous Punic Wars. The Second Punic War between Carthage and Rome was ignited by the dispute over the hegemony of Saguntum, a hellenized Iberian coastal city with diplomatic contacts with Rome. In 219 B.C., Hannibal of Carthage led an attack on Saguntum, an independent city allied with Rome, which sparked the outbreak of the Second Punic War. Battle location was the left bank of the Trebia River south of Placentia. a major event in the cold war was the space race Less well known, are the causes of the Second Punic War. What were the main events and the key result of the three Punic Wars? The … The Battle of Zama was a decisive battle of the Second Punic War (also known as the Hannibalic War, or the War Against Hannibal), which was fought between Rome and Carthage. Many people believe that the Second Punic War started as a result of Hannibal and the Carthaginians laying siege to the city of Saguntum, and crossing the river of Ebro going against the treaty from the First Punic War. The Second Punic War: 218-201 BC The speed with which the crisis escalates into war suggests that both sides regard another conflict as inevitable. Action from the Third Punic War. After defeat in the First Punic War in 241 BC, Carthage lost control of Sicily. Events leading to the war. In December 218 BC, Hannibal defeated the Romans at the Battle of the Trebia. Outbreak of the Second Punic War. The second Punic War was fought over a perceived threat to Roman power. The Second Punic War, also referred to as The Hannibalic War, (by the Romans) The War Against Hannibal, or "The Carthaginian War", lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean. By placing the events of the Second Punic War in their local, geopolitical, and historical context, and by seeking to reconstruct how local communities would perceive the same events differently, Fronda is ultimately successful at bringing order to a complicated theater of war and diplomacy. Carthaginian expansion in Iberia. The web's source of information for Ancient History: definitions, articles, timelines, maps, books, and illustrations. 6. It initially appeared as if there wouldn’t be a Third Punic War when Manius Manilius landed in Africa with his army in 149 BC. Scullard say that unlike earlier periods of Rome, the history of the period of the First Punic War comes from annalists who had contact with actual eye-witnesses. He had lost his power over Mediterranean Sea; losing Sicily and the compensation imposed on him by Rome greatly affected his economy. For 17 years the two states struggled for supremacy, primarily in Italy and Iberia, but also on the islands of Sicily and Sardinia and, towards the end of the war, in North Africa. Hannibal decides not to storm Rome and instead focuses on Campania (late 216 BC to January 215 BC). Second Punic War (218-201 B.C.) According to contemporary accounts, he took 38,000 infantry, 8,000 cavalry and 38 elephants into the mountains and descended into Italy with about 20,000 infantry, 4,000 cavalry and a handful of elephants. This was the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic, with the crucial participation of Numidian-Berber armies and tribes on both sides. The Second Punic War happened between 218 BC and 201 BC. Carthage surrendered and offered hostages and weapons to the invaders. Next, it was to hand over all weapons and release all prisoners. skmc1985 skmc1985 Hannibal's losses in the Second Punic War effectively put an end to Carthage's empire in the western Mediterranean, leaving Rome in control of Spain and allowing Carthage to retain only its territory in North Africa. The story of the conflict is well known, such an event as his heroic crossing of the Alps has become legendary. 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