CCIF MARINE PROGRAM Analysis of Destructive Reef Fishing in the Indo Pacific Conservation and Community Investment Forum 423 Washington Street, 4 th Floor San Francisco, CA 94111 Phone 415-421-4213 • Fax 415 -982-7989 CCIF is a Project of the Tides Center . https://www.coralgardening.org/destructive-fishing-practices Coral Reef Fish for the Live Food Fish Trade 4. Queen Conch 7. There are 5.1 million hectares of coral reefs in Indonesia, of which 65 percent face extinction due to destructive fishing practices. Additionally, marine debris, such as derelict fishing gear and trash, and invasive species, such as marine algae, negatively impact coral reefs. Unsustainable fishing is the most pervasive of all local threats to coral reefs. This particular practice, common across Southeast Asia, uses large, non-discriminatory nets in combination with pounding devices to smash into coral reefs to flush out fish. Corals are easily damaged by pollution and destructive fishing practices, and it takes decades for them to re-grow. Blast fishing is driven primarily by the subsistence needs of small-scale fishers. The sediment left behind from blast fishing makes it difficult for juvenile corals to settle and grow. Their disappearance will therefore have economic, social and health consequences. Although some marine aquarium fish species can reproduce in aquaria (such as Pomacentridae), most (95%) are collected from coral reefs. The 1998 Reefs at Risk study found that almost 60% of the world’s coral reefs are potentially threatened by human activity - ranging from coastal development and destructive and over-fishing practices to overexploitation of resources, marine pollution and runoff from inland deforestation and farming. When Fishing is Destructive . Survey method was used during the study. Although many fish can metabolize the cyanide and will only feel the effects temporarily, the same is not true for coral polyps. Analysis of Destructive Reef Fishing Practices in the Indo-Pacific CCIF MARINE PROGRAM October 2001 . Despite the fact that cyanide fishing is nominally illegal in virtually all Indo-Pacific countries, the high premium paid for live reef fish, weak enforcement capacities, and frequent corruption have spread the use of the poison across the entire region -- home to the vast majority of the planet's coral reefs. resources, destructive fishing practices, coastal development and runoff from improper land-use practices. Destructive fishing practices: These include cyanide fishing, blast or dynamite fishing, bottom trawling, and muro-ami (banging on the reef with sticks). Destructive fishing practices are common in tropical coral reef regions where a large human population and severe economic duress com-bine to promote a state of desperation among the fish-ers. Destructive fishing practices are serious threats to some of the world’s richest coral reefs. Humans have been fishing these resources for thousands of years. ref Overfishing is defined as catching more fish than the system can support. Coral reef fish are fish which live amongst or in close relation to coral reefs.Coral reefs form complex ecosystems with tremendous biodiversity.Among the myriad inhabitants, the fish stand out as colourful and interesting to watch. • Reduces fish stocks. When there were fewer people, fish stocks were less affected by fishing. destructive fishing practices as measured by the rates of change in diversity, based on the extent of the per turbed coral area and rates of coral destruction and regrowth. Destructive activities are those that damage the habitat and associated organisms in addition to the target species, and include blast fishing, fish poisoning, muro ami, trawling, and over collecting of coral. Destructive fishing practices can also damage coral reefs. Growing corals is a delicate balance – restoring our reefs without presenting more unnatural materials into our oceans. A 1998 World Resources Institute study concluded that nearly 58% of the world’s reefs are at risk from human impacts, and many have been degraded beyond recovery (Bryant et al., 1998). Destructive fishing practices destroys the habitat where reef animals live and breed. Pollution, overfishing, destructive fishing practices using dynamite or cyanide, collecting live corals for the aquarium market, mining coral for building materials , and a warming climate are some of the many ways that people damage reefs all around the world every day. Recovery, if possible, may take decades. Coral reefs face many threats from local sources, including: Physical damage or destruction from coastal development, dredging, quarrying, destructive fishing practices and gear, boat anchors and groundings, and recreational misuse (touching or removing corals). Seahorses 5. If coral reefs die, so do the fish. First, a giant drill breaks up coral to produce the sediment needed to create new land. More than 55 percent of the world’s reefs are threatened by overfishing and/or destructive fishing, with nearly 30 percent considered highly threatened. Human-caused, or anthropogenic activities, are major threats to coral reefs. When I joined Ocean Quest Global, I was introduced to a completely new technique of growing corals.This method is based on an entirely organic approach without introducing any artificial structures, like plastic pipes, tires or metal structures, to the marine environment. Destructive Fishing Practices 1. 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