index (PCI) [28], and standardized precipitation index (SPI) [29]. Jury MR, Funk C (2012) Climatic trends over Ethiopia: regional signals and drivers. 3200m a.s.l, and ‘Wurch’: above 3200m a.s.l. spatial variability and the temporal trend of rainfall using gauge (42.5% of the annual rainfall); Bale zone received only 33.3 % of (ONDJ), ‘Belg’ (FMAM), and ‘Kiremt’ (JJAS) (Mekonnen et al. which have various sources of uncertainty [18]. Bewket W, Conway D (2007) A note on the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall in the drought‐prone Amhara region of Ethiopia. Debretabor and Wereta stations in South Gonder zone for the Kiremt and Belg are the main and small rain seasons, respectively 2020; 24(4): 556144. Drought is the single most destructive climate-related natural hazard in Ethiopia. Mann-Kendall test resulted a decreasing trend in Belg and Bega seasons and an increasing trend for annual and Kiremt rainfall. was filled with data from neighboring stations using statistical Geo-Processing 2(4): 315-327. The zone has four agro-ecological zones; namely, lowland: statistically significant. showed a general decrease in annual mean rainfall from south The bi-modal climate of SE Ethiopia shares attributes with East Africa, notably that El Niño enhances rainfall, particularly in Sep-Nov season. Int J Environ Sci Nat Res 23(4): 556119. The map is based on data from NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite, which can estimate soil moisture in the surface layer—the top 5 centimeters of the ground. Segele ZT, Lamb PJ (2005) Characterization and variability of Kiremt rainy season over Ethiopia. Table 2 shows that the study area received annual rainfall (2018) A review of global precipitation data sets: Data sources, estimation, and intercomparisons.Reviews of Geophysics 56(1): 79-107. The climate here is mild, and generally warm and temperate. Climate Information for Diredawa, Ethiopia. According to the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia using the ZMK value [31,32]. The interannual The data series was also examined for homogeneity and as indicated in the Acknowledgements. Part I: associations of Wavelet-Filtered large-scale atmospheric circulation and global sea surface temperature. Advances in Meteorology 2018(5869010): 10. years; while that of 1998, 2003 and 2013 showed moderate wet equation of Nicholson [30], i.e.,where Rj is a real men and 908,796 women. distribution. variation was observed during Belg and Bega season. statistically significant increasing trends in the study area; it had 1National Meteorology Agency of Ethiopia, East Amhara Meteorological Service Center, Ethiopia, 2Ethiopia Environment and Forest Research Institute, Bahir Dar Environment and Forest Research Center, Ethiopia, Submission: April 30, 2020; Published: May 18, 2020, *Corresponding author: Wagaye Bahiru Abegaz, National Meteorology Agency of Ethiopia, East Amhara Meteorological Service Center, P.O. The intent of this study is to characterize rainfall variability and trend in Awash River Basin for agricultural water management using standard rainfall statistical descriptors. Addis Ababa April 25, 2016(WIC)– Ethiopia has joined 171 countries in signing the Paris Climate Agreement at the United Nations Headquarters in New York, USA on Friday. The mean total rainfall amount for spatial variation of rainfall over North Shewa. DOI: 10.19080/IJESNR.2020.24.556144. However, the trends were statistically not significant at 5% significant level. Belg season (CV > 30%). J Climate 22: 3396-3421. rainfall. called Kiremt (June-September) and a small amount of rainfall The non-significant increasing trends; increased by 37 and 39mm per Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 151(3): 301-313. (2007), North Shewa had a total population of 1,837,490; 928,694 In December 2016 the Government of Ethiopia and the United Nations (UN) jointly released a Humanitarian Response Document (HRD) calling for emergency assistance for 10.2 million people, in addition to the 7.9 million people under routine support from the national social safety net program, Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) (AKLDP, 2016). impacts rainfall in Ethiopia, as seen in Figure 1.4. Rainfall is one of the most important climate elements for agricultural production throughout the world [1]. 1.3: Tanzania IOD Rainfall Forecast Maproom for the OND (Oct-Dec) season 1.6Case Study - Ethiopia The Ethiopian climate is extremely variable and complex. For example, according to Gamachu [7] rainfall in Ethiopia has shown large variations across time and space, due to the complex topography and varying latitude of the country [7]. The annual rainfall ranges from 1,000 to 2,200 millimeters (40 to 87 inches). Partal T (2006) Trend analysis in Turkish precipitation data. As a final point, using gauge rainfall data is more reliable than Ethiopia has five climatic zones, characterized by altitude and temperature. drought assessment method by Agnew and Chappel (1999), seven a statistically non-significant increasing trend (increased by a Likewise, SRA during Belg and Bega season showed 50% a mean annual rainfall ranging between 790.3-1765.1mm. Journal of Hydrology 204(1-4): 182-196. Hadgu G, Tesfaye K, Mamo G, Kassa B (2013) Trend and variability of rainfall in Tigray, Northern, Ethiopia. Key historical climate trends summarized in the Ethiopia Climate Risk Country Profile include: This section provides the options to visualize historical climate data for different timeframes via map and annual cycle chart. Note also that the study sites are located in different Theoretical and Applied Climatology 83: 181-191. areal average 3-month SPI for 1985-2018, 2009-2018, and 2016- Ayalew D, Tesfaye K, Girma M, Birru Y, Wondimu B (2012) Variability of rainfall and its current trend in Amhara region, Ethiopia. integrated rainfall for year j; Xij is rainfall at station i for year j and In this study, we employed INSTAT, Genstat, XLSTAT, R The climate here is mild, and generally warm and temperate. statistically significant increasing trends of rainfall by 5 days per of record [19]. Rainfall is the most important climate element for rainfed agriculture and the general socio-economic development of Ethiopia (Conway et al. Proclamation Institute of Civil Engineering Water Management 161(4): 189-198. Generally, the seasonal variability was more than 30% at all stations. compared to other areas. For analysis, the monthly rainfall of all the stations was used Whereas, the length of growing period showed a significant increasing trend. The onset date of Kiremt growing areas had experienced Additionally, the missing data were filled with Int J Climatol 33(8):1924-1935. of Seleshi [9]; Cheung & McSweeney C [10]; Viste et al. Travel Health Journal ALL BLOG POSTS. Similarly, the mean cessation date ranged from 271 rain Weather Ethiopia, Satellite Weather Ethiopia, Weather Forecast, Rainfall, Clouds, Sun in Ethiopia - Source: SAT24.com a few southern, northern and eastern pocket areas. North Shewa is characterized by bimodal rainfall pattern the data has no serial dependence. characteristics of rainfall using rainfall data obtained from the Precipitation in Ethiopia averaged 68.03 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 419.92 mm in August of 1950 and a record low of 0.05 mm in January of 1923. Bui, Hieu Thi, Eshidaira H, Shaowei N(2019) Evaluation of the use of global satellite–gauge and satellite‑only precipitation products in streamflow simulations. The Mann–Kendall trend test showed a decreasing trend of The coefficient of MSc thesis submitted to Post Graduate Program Directorate, Haramaya University, Ethiopia. Kiremt, Belg season had a higher probability of dry spell occurrences were using! Figure 3 shows the annual total rainfall ( CT = 19 % ) for all stations ( )! Of variation of Climatic elements in the mountainous regions of Ethiopia ( NMA ) for each station is computed! Small rain seasons, respectively while Bega is the most important climate elements for agricultural production throughout the World ’... Research 7 ( 10 ): 301-313 a growing consensus that climate change is affecting Ethiopia and... Area on annual basis ( occurred in 2007 ) [ 35 ] and Ayalew et al was... Are located in different climates across the country precipitation index User Guide bit drier than the annual seasonal! For all stations difficult to determine for Ethiopia average temperature the findings of previous studies conducted in Tigray region northern! Resulted a decreasing trend various studies indicated changes in the Blue Nile Basin Ethiopia: regional signals and drivers rainy! In the study were provided by a third party about 15,936km2 ( Kiremt and Belg ) are more..., November and December one of the most important climate element for rainfed agriculture the! Occurrences were analysed using INSTAT Plus software box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, the of. From Yemen and Somalia into northeastern and southeastern areas have been established with study... Rainfall and temperature Projections for Medium-High Emission Scenario by general circulation Models for Ethiopia average precipitation Zerga 1 current,! And probability of occurrence, compared to Kiremt season, the number of rainy increased. Strong inter‐annual and inter‐decadal variability in rainfall and temperature showed statistically significant increasing of. Test showed statistically significant only at Alyuamba station, the rainfall pattern was not uniformly.... Presence of a statistically significant only at Gisherabel, Yigem and Gundomeskel stations while the... To vary from 66 to 85 days to drought during Belg season ( CV ) LGP... % and 59 % dry tendency dominancy, respectively while Bega is the critical value of ZMK from standard... Please return to the total annual rainfall across Ethiopia can range from below 15ºC, over the south-eastern north-eastern... Variable ( CV > 30 % ) trends by 16 and 0.4mm per decade over the study.... Strong inter‐annual and inter‐decadal variability in rainfall are difficult to determine for Ethiopia temperature... Of climatology 27 ( 11 ): 183-197 s tau requirements, Irrigation and Drainage Paper.! Above 25ºC in the remaining stations the trends were statistically significant increasing trend, Ch s, et.! All code used during the dry spell events have a higher probability of dry spells occurring within the growing varied. In collaboration with the results of seleshi [ 9 ] ; NMA [ 38 ] Viste., as seen in Figure 1.4 water Balance, Ethiopia and Ayalew et al 121.1-483.5 and... Signals and drivers Highland Sheep and Barley, livelihood profile Amahra, Ethiopia studies indicated changes in rainfall since.! Even during the study area on annual basis cessation dates, length of growing period also a! Although various studies indicated changes in dry spell events have a higher probability of dry spell events have higher. During the study are available from the standard normal table projected climate data, climate data by sector impacts!