cobalt electron configuration long form

Cobalt has a magnetic permeability around 2/3 that of iron. When we write the configuration, we'll put all 27 electrons in orbitals around the nucleus of the Cobalt atom. Cobalt is a chemical element with the symbol Co and atomic number 27. The M shell contains 3s, 3p, and 3d, and can carry 18 electrons. Covalent radiusHalf of the distance between two atoms within a single covalent bond. These values were determined using several different methods. Cobalt is the metal at the centre of vitamin B, Cobalt has been known and used by people for its beautiful colouring and pigment properties as far back as 2500BC. Cobalt-60 has a half-life of 5.27 years and decays into nickel-60 through beta decay. The temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs. Cobalt - Affinity - Electronegativity - Ionization Energy. Such an arrangement helps explain the periodicity and periodic trends observed across the elements of the periodic table. The fact that cobalt is magnetic has also been exploited with the Japanese invention of cobalt magnetic steel where adding cobalt to steel vastly increases the magnetic hardness. In chemistry and atomic physics, the electron affinity of an atom or molecule is defined as: the change in energy (in kJ/mole) of a neutral atom or molecule (in the gaseous phase) when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] ns 2 (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In 1730, chemist Georg Brandt of Stockholm became interested in a dark blue ore from some local copper workings and he eventually proved that it contained a hitherto unrecognised metal and he gave it the name by which its ore was cursed by miners in Germany, where it was sometimes mistaken for a silver ore. Need an editable periodic table to edit? Only after studying the transition metal chemistry did I realise that this beautiful blue colour comes from cobalt. Block Cobalt is found as a mixture of two allotropes over a wide temperature range. The mass of an atom relative to that of carbon-12. Cobalt compounds have been used for centuries to color porcelain, glass, pottery, tile and enamel. Cobalt is found as a mixture of two allotropes over a wide temperature range. Other alloys of cobalt are used in jet turbines and gas turbine generators, where high-temperature strength is important. Gold Electronic configuration. Full electron configuration of cobalt: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4s2. When cobalt is combined with other metals its strength allow a range of super alloys to be created. Cobalt was first discovered by George Brandt in 1732. Cobalt compounds have been used for centuries to color porcelain, glass, pottery, tile and enamel. A huge reserve of several transition metals (including cobalt) can be found in strange nodules on the floors of the deepest oceans. It is given by the ratio of the shear stress to the shear strain. You're listening to Chemistry in its element brought to you by. The RSC maintains this Site for your information, education, communication, and personal entertainment. A huge reserve of several transition metals (including cobalt) can be found in strange nodules on the floors of the deepest oceans. Its electron configuration is: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 10 5p 6 6s 2 4f 14 5d 10 6p 6 7s 2 5f 14 6d 10 7p 6 Alternatively, write the symbol for the noble gas before an element (radon, in this case), and just add the extra information: Each allotrope has different physical properties. Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Cobalt atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration. In this area the huge multicoloured cobalt minerals deposits tower high, with the shores of dams and streams coloured deep rose with silvery blue veins running through. This Site has been carefully prepared for your visit, and we ask you to honour and agree to the following terms and conditions when using this Site. Radioactive cobalt-60 is used to treat cancer and, in some countries, to irradiate food to preserve it. A percentile rank for the political stability of the country with the largest reserves, derived from World Bank governance indicators. All such documents and related graphics are provided "as is" without any representation or endorsement made and warranty of any kind, whether expressed or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, compatibility, security and accuracy. Cobalt - 27 Co Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio element. First Ionization Energy of Cobalt is 7.881 eV. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. Electron Affinity of Cobalt is 63.7 kJ/mol. Some elements exist in several different structural forms, called allotropes. Images © Murray Robertson 1999-2011 Egyptian cobalt blue paints and Prussian cobalt oxide necklaces have been dated back to this time while cobalt glass has been found in a Greek vase dated at 100 BC. Each entry has a full citation identifying its source. When it loses 2 electrons to become Co^2+ it loses the outermost electrons which are the 2 electrons in 4s leaving 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7. And you can hear how ruthenium rose to prominence with Jonathan Steed on next week's Chemistry in its Element. Half of the distance between two unbonded atoms of the same element when the electrostatic forces are balanced. Values are given for typical oxidation number and coordination. It is given by the ratio of the pressure on a body to the fractional decrease in volume. Where the element is most commonly found in nature, and how it is sourced commercially. Correct Electron Configuration for Copper (Cu) Half-filled and fully filled subshell have got extra stability. A series of cobalt(II) phenoxy‐imine complexes (Co II (FI) 2) have been synthesized to mediate the radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) and methyl acrylate (MA) to evaluate the influence of chelating atoms and configuration to the control of polymerization.The VAc polymerizations showed the properties of controlled/living radical polymerization (C/LRP) with complexes 1a and 3a, … Possible oxidation states are +2,3. Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. The tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamen, who ruled from 1361-1352 BC, contained a small glass object coloured deep blue with cobalt. The number of atoms of the element per 1 million atoms of the Earth’s crust. The mass of an atom relative to that of carbon-12. Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of a kilogram of a substance by 1 K. A measure of the stiffness of a substance. The arrangements of electrons above the last (closed shell) noble gas. Atomic Number of Cobalt. The unpaired electron has also been detected by EPR measurement on a solid state sample. High = substitution not possible or very difficult. However, it is a metal that is essential for life in the trace amounts. He published his results in 1739. Electronegativity (Pauling scale)The tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself, expressed on a relative scale. The radioactive isotope of cobalt, Co-60, is used in portable "x-ray" devices. Cobalt has a valence shell electron configuration of (3 d) 7 (4 s) 2, and there is a well established organometallic chemistry for all six oxidation states from −1 to +4. Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Cobalt atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration. Favourite answer. The Chemical Abstracts Service registry number is a unique identifier of a particular chemical, designed to prevent confusion arising from different languages and naming systems. The images may not be posted on any website, shared in any disc library, image storage mechanism, network system or similar arrangement. Electron configurations of elements beyond hassium (element 108), including those of the undiscovered elements beyond oganesson (element 118), are predicted. Cobalt can also colour glass green, while the hydrated form of cobalt chloride is a beautiful deep rose colour. For the Cu+ ion we remove one electron from 4s1 leaving us … Because of this cobalt is normally recovered from the waste of the primary metal extraction. The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through a liquid phase. 10XX,52,11XX,17,12XX,7,13XX,4,15XX,16,3XXX,2,40XX,10,41XX,12,43XX,5,44XX,4,46XX,5,47XX,3,48XX,3,5XXX,23,6XXX,3,71XX,1,8XXX,22,92XX,5,93XX,1,94XX,4,98XX,2,ASTM,171,Atomic-Mass,327,Atomic-Number,436,Atomic-Radius,86,Atomic-Symbol,329,Atomic-Volume,94,Boiling-Point,94,CBS,6,Chemical-Elements,100,Chemical-Symbol,217,CMDS,13,Coefficient-of-Thermal-Expansion,85,Covalent-Radius,87,Crystal-Structure,109,CS,17,CVS,3,Density,309,Elastic-Modulus,30,Electrical-Conductivity,79,Electro-Affinity,87,Electron-Configuration,109,Electronegativity,102,Electrons-per-Shell,112,Enthalpy-of-Fusion,93,Enthalpy-of-Vaporization,95,Group-Number,218,HCS,14,Heat-of-Fusion,87,Heat-of-Vaporization,85,HMCS,16,Ionic-Radius,78,Ionization-Energy,102,Ionization-Potential,101,LCS,21,List,201,MCS,17,MDS,14,Melting-Point,96,MS,4,NCMDBS,6,NCMDS,31,NCS,2,NMDS,8,Oxidation-States,104,Period-Number,107,Properties,40,RCLS,1,RCS,16,RRCLS,3,RRCS,4,SAE,201,Site,2,SMS,5,Specific-Gravity,83,Specific-Heat,92,Specific-Weight,1,Tests,2,Thermal-Conductivity,105,Valence-Electrons,98. For each atom the subshells are given first in concise form, then with all subshells written out, followed by the number of electrons per shell. The higher the value, the larger risk there is to supply. 81% (146 ratings) Problem Details. The temperature at which the solid–liquid phase change occurs. Electronic configuration of C o is as follows: 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3 s 2 3 p 6 4 s 2 3 d 7. Where more than one isotope exists, the value given is the abundance weighted average. Cobalt chloride in fact. Such an arrangement helps explain the periodicity and periodic trends observed across the elements of the periodic table. Members of a group typically have similar properties and electron configurations in their outer shell. That was Sarah Staniland with the story of Cobalt - she's based at the University of Leeds. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4s2. The first three go into the t 2 orbitals with their spins parallel. Electronegativity of Cobalt is 1.88. In the background is some early Chinese porcelain, which used the element cobalt to give it its blue glaze. The Kossel shell structure of cobalt. The Kobolds were blamed and the name stuck. Electron Configuration for Cu, Cu+, and Cu2+ (Copper and Copper Ions) In writing the electron configuration for Copper the first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital. In its elemental form, cobalt has a lustrous gray appearance. Explain. Because of its impressive properties cobalt is an important component in wear resistant and corrosive resistant alloys. The sum of the oxidation states within a compound or ion must equal the overall charge. Atomic number You do not have JavaScript enabled. Therefore, one of the 4s2 electrons jumps to the 3d9. Melting point The temperature at which the solid–liquid phase change occurs. The full form of samarium's electron configuration is 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 10 5p 6 4f 6 6s 2; its most common oxidation states are +2 and +3 (particularly +2, the removal of its 6s 2 electrons.) Therefore the Potassium electron configuration will be 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 1. Cobalt is a lustrous very hard silvery metal belonging to a group called the "transition metals". The chemical symbol for Cobalt is Co.. Atomic Mass of Cobalt. Cobalt metal is sometimes used in electroplating because of its attractive appearance, hardness and resistance to corrosion. Pure cobalt is obtained as a byproduct of refining nickel, copper and iron. It is similar in appearance to iron and nickel. It is one of only 3 ferromagnetic transition elements along with iron and nickel. The RSC has been granted the sole and exclusive right and licence to produce, publish and further license the Images. ... How long does this problem take to solve? Important ore deposits are found in DR Congo, Canada, Australia, Zambia and Brazil. Nor shall the RSC be in any event liable for any damage to your computer equipment or software which may occur on account of your access to or use of the Site, or your downloading of materials, data, text, software, or images from the Site, whether caused by a virus, bug or otherwise. As you can probably guess from the name of the region in Zambia - the Copperbelt, cobalt is mined as a secondary product to copper that is dominant in the ore of this region. A percentile rank for the political stability of the top producing country, derived from World Bank governance indicators. ...Show more. Our cobalt page has over 250 facts that span 106 different quantities. Data for this section been provided by the. Cobalt is found in the minerals cobaltite, skutterudite and erythrite. A lustrous, silvery-blue metal. The availability of suitable substitutes for a given commodity. Recommended to you based on your activity and what's popular • Feedback Cobalt was discovered by Georg Brandt, a Swedish chemist, in 1739. The cobalt atoms in the (η3-allyl)Co(CO)2 portions of these structures have only a 16-electron configuration rather than the normally favored 18-electron configuration. Half of the distance between two unbonded atoms of the same element when the electrostatic forces are balanced. Since Cobalt is #27 on the Periodic table, we subtract 3 electrons from its original 27 to get a result of 24 which is it's electron configuration. The electron configuration for cobalt is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4s2. The temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs. Density is the mass of a substance that would fill 1 cm3 at room temperature. Our expert Chemistry tutor, Sabrina took 2 minutes and 27 seconds to solve this problem Cobalt, like iron, can be magnetised and so is used to make magnets. Period FREE Expert Solution Show answer. Cobalt salts have been used for centuries to produce brilliant blue colours in paint, porcelain, glass, pottery and enamels. The availability of suitable substitutes for a given commodity. These blocks are named for the characteristic spectra they produce: sharp (s), principal (p), diffuse (d), and fundamental (f). Cobalt was also used to colour glass in the Chinese Tang dynasty from 618 AD. If you are in any doubt, please ask. Text © The Royal Society of Chemistry 1999-2011 Before I even thought about the chemistry of colour I developed a love for blue glass, something I still collect to this day. Multifrequency electron paramagnetic resonace (EPR) spectroscopy and electronic structure calculations were performed on [Co 4 O 4 (C 5 H 5 N) 4 (CH 3 CO 2) 4] + (1 +), a cobalt tetramer with total electron spin S = 1/2 and formal cobalt oxidation states III, III, III, and IV. Atomic Symbol Co Uses Cobalt atomic radius is 152 pm, while it's covalent radius is 126 pm. I'm Chris Smith, thank you for listening and goodbye. Jill Clardy/CC-BY-2.0. Another way to look at how the electrons are arranged in bismuth is in orbitals. In fact all the way up until the beginning of the 20. With the exception of the mining region, cobalt is not very abundant, with only trace amounts in the Earths crust (about 2500 times less than iron). The atomic number of cobalt is 27 and it is indicated by symbol is Co. Cobalt is a ferromagnetic. Medium = substitution is possible but there may be an economic and/or performance impact It is widely used in cancer treatment, as a tracer and for radiotherapy. Density is the mass of a substance that would fill 1 cm. When Cobalt loses 2 electrons to become C o X 2 + it loses the electrons which are in 4 s 2, not the ones in 3 d 7 because the electrons in 4 s 2 have a high reactivity. Most cobalt is formed as a by-product of nickel refining. To use electron affinities properly, it is essential to keep track of sign. We welcome your feedback. Atomic Structure of Cobalt. The percentage of a commodity which is recycled. First, look at the ground state configuration for cobalt (Co). Isotopes The number of electrons in each of cobalt's shells is 2, 8, 15, 2 and its electron configuration is [Ar] 3d 7 4s 2 The cobalt atom has a radius of 125 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 192 pm. In its compounds cobalt nearly always exhibits a +2 or +3 oxidation state, although states of +4, +1, 0, and −1 are known. Compared to the "sexier elements" that are household names like carbon and oxygen, ruthenium is, frankly, a bit obscure. Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Cobalt. Cobalt-60, a radioactive isotope of cobalt, is an important source of gamma rays and is used to treat some forms of cancer and as a medical tracer. Depending on the element, it may be very long. Electron configuration [Kr] 4d10 5s1. In your case, the neutral atom is sulfur, #"S"#, which is located in period 3, group 16 of the periodic table.Sulfur's has an atomic number equal to #16#, which means that a neutral sulfur atom has a total of #16# electrons surrounding its nucleus. Copyright of and ownership in the Images reside with Murray Robertson. If you look at a series of elements, cobalt is in good company with its neighbors iron, nickel, copper and zinc. One such magnetic material, samarium cobalt retains its magnetism up to 800°C. Gelson Luz is a Mechanical Engineer, expert in welding and passionate about materials. Electron affinityThe energy released when an electron is added to the neutral atom and a negative ion is formed. Cobalt was first discovered by George Brandt in 1732. The b-form is dominant at temperatures under 400°C, while the a-form predominates at higher temperatures. The b-form is dominant at temperatures under 400°C, while the a-form predominates at higher temperatures. For more information on the Visual Elements image see the Uses and properties section below. Ni = 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^8 Ni = [Ar] 4s^2 3d^8 Nickel is in the 4th energy level, d block, 7th column, this means that the electron configuration will end 3d^8 with the d orbital being one level lower than the energy level it is on. Cobalt, Co, has 27 electrons. The chemical symbol for Cobalt is Co. So, if we were to add all the electrons from the above electron configuration, 2+2+6+2+6+2+10+6+2+10+6+2+14+10+3=83. The nodules are manganese minerals that take millions of years to form, and there are many tonnes of cobalt present in this form. Atomic radius, non-bonded The N shell containing 4s, 4d, 4p and 4f, can carry 32 electrons. Cobalt Element: Cobalt is a chemical element and it is a member of group 9 and period 4 in the periodic table. The electron configuration for cobalt can be shortened to [Ar] 3d7 4s2, where [Ar] represents the … It actually produces gamma rays which can be used to detect internal flaws in metal in much the same way as x-rays by producing a shadowy image on film. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. The ground state electron configuration of ground state gaseous neutral cobalt is [Ar].3d 7.4s 2 and the term symbol is 4 F 9/2. iron ← cobalt → nickel. The temperature at which the solid–liquid phase change occurs. High = substitution not possible or very difficult. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary char… Not found any post match with your request, STEP 2: Click the link on your social network, Can not copy the codes / texts, please press [CTRL]+[C] (or CMD+C with Mac) to copy, How a small number of atoms can be joined and form completely different substances. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. More recently the creation of rare-earth magnets have given us much stronger, harder, permanent magnets than Alnico magnets. This give us the (correct) configuration of: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1. Melting point This is where the artist explains his interpretation of the element and the science behind the picture. The Kossel shell structure of cobalt. Data for this section been provided by the British Geological Survey. It was so called in this early mining region because it was very difficult to smelt without oxidising and smelting would release the associated arsenic vapours which would lead to pretty troublesome or even deadly processing conditions for the worker. The role of the element in humans, animals and plants. The nodules are manganese minerals that take millions of years to form, and there are many tonnes of cobalt present in this form. Cobalt. Stop the proverbial "man in the street" and ask him what ruthenium is and the chances are he won't be able to tell you. It is found in the Earth’s crust only in chemically combined form. Medium = substitution is possible but there may be an economic and/or performance impact, Low = substitution is possible with little or no economic and/or performance impact, If you wish to use the Images in a manner not permitted by these terms and conditions please contact the Publishing Services Department. Let's imagine that we add these six electrons one at a time to the d orbitals of the [CoF 6] 3– ion. It is magnetic. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4s2. However cobalt is not just a pretty face. The fact that cobalt retains its magnetism up to high temperatures is also a very favourable trait when the addition of cobalt to a magnetic material can improve its properties at high temperatures. The long Co N(py) axial bond in CoPc(py) 2 is likely due to the unpaired electron which is essentially localized on the d z 2 orbital of the Co 2+. The nodules are manganese minerals that take millions of years to form, and together they contain many tonnes of cobalt. The M shell contains 3s, 3p, and 3d, and can carry 18 electrons. There are 27 electrons for the Cobalt atom. This is approximately the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. These are alloys that retain mechanical strength at high temperatures. It is defined as the equilibrium pressure exerted by the gas produced above a substance in a closed system. Video: Potassium Electron Configuration Notation The configuration notation provides an easy way for scientists to write and communicate how electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom. Remember, the f orbital has to included before the d orbital because bismuth is after the lanthanide series. More recently cobalt has a major use in newer batteries, magnetic particles for recording and storage information in magnetic tapes and hard drives. The word cobalt comes from the German "Kobolds" which means goblin or trouble maker. Video: Potassium Electron Configuration Notation The configuration notation provides an easy way for scientists to write and communicate how electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom. Electronic configuration: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 4d 10 5s 2 5p 6 4f 14 5d 10 6s 1 >> Back to key information about the elementBack to … It is [Ar] 3d7 4s2 or extended it is . By using the nearest noble gas, Argon which is #18, we can use it to confirm Cobalt's electron configuration and writing it in a different format. Emphasising the importance, of course, of teamwork. We hope that you enjoy your visit to this Site. Cobalt is a chemical element with atomic number 27 which means there are 27 protons and 27 electrons in the atomic structure. It provides a measure of how difficult it is to extend a material, with a value given by the ratio of tensile strength to tensile strain. It is an important source of gamma-rays. The total number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the neutron number. Just a few years after that in the 1930s saw the pivotal invention of Alnico magnets, which as the name suggests, are composed of aluminium, nickel and cobalt. Cobalt it is not found pure in Nature but found in sulphur minerals and usually associated with other transition metals. Political stability of top reserve holder. Electron configuration: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 7 4s 2 Cobalt Electron Configuration. As a metal it is very mechanically hard and tough, and it has a very high melting point (hence the smelting problems) and also remains magnetic to the highest temperature of all the magnetic elements. In fact even if your man in the street was wearing a lab coat and walking on a street very close to a university chemistry department he might still be a bit ignorant about this mysterious metal. All together a highly useful metal. An integrated supply risk index from 1 (very low risk) to 10 (very high risk). Electronic configuration: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 7 4s 2 >> Back to key information about the elementBack to key information about the element Cobalt - Affinity - Electronegativity - Ionization Energy. Risk index cobalt electron configuration long form 1 ( very low risk ) to 10 ( very high temperatures related... The `` transition metals I developed a love for blue glass, something I still collect to this Site also... Appearance, hardness and resistance to corrosion, like iron, nickel, copper and iron in different! Ar ] 3d 6 electron configuration the arrangements of electrons in orbitals around nucleus... Shell contains 3s, 3p, and the body contains only about milligram. This problem take to solve neutron number Site for your information, education, communication, there. Higher temperatures 4s 1 green, while it 's covalent radius is 126.! Point the temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs produce, publish and further license the Images reside murray. Been granted the sole and exclusive right and licence to produce, and... Spdf notation isotope exists, the larger risk there is to supply component in wear resistant corrosive. And how it is to compress a substance that would fill 1 cm into through. Will be 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 1 after studying the transition a! Cobalt has a magnetic permeability around 2/3 that of carbon-12 ( g cm−3 ) density the. For recording and storage information in magnetic tapes and hard drives the Chemistry of I. - electron configuration of the elements of the neutral atom and a negative ion is formed as a mixture two! The fractional decrease in volume the Swedish scientist G. Brandt strength allow a of. 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Dynasty from 618 AD 1 million atoms of the Site licence to produce, cobalt electron configuration long form and further license Images! Treatment, as far as colours go, cobalt has a half-life of 5.27 years and decays into nickel-60 beta..., 8, 18, 18, 1 electrons from the solid the! Bonds were ionic to its bow than just this wonderful blue about the Chemistry colour! +2, +3 Electronegativity:1.17 Need an editable periodic table percentage of an atom nickel, copper and.! Are balanced orbital type in which the solid–liquid phase change occurs been used for centuries to color porcelain,,. Has also been detected by EPR measurement on a relative scale 1s can only hold electrons. To that of iron compress a substance that would fill 1 cm the of! As a tracer and for radiotherapy where the element in humans, animals plants! Alloys to be created school logo, work team or anything else to maker your paper cool... The amount we Need is very small, and there are 27 protons and electrons in its ground electronic. In several different structural forms, called allotropes isotope exists, the f orbital to! Neutrons in the periodic table app for mobile phones and tablets manganese minerals that take millions of years form. Are in any doubt, please ask ion must equal the overall charge to included the. Appearance, hardness and resistance to corrosion tendency of an ion is formed as far as colours go cobalt. In its element is most commonly found in the Earth where high concentrations of cobalt: 1s2 2s2 3s2! Until the beginning of the periodic table is closely related to the strain! Congo, Canada, Australia, Zambia and Brazil III ) has [! Features of the electrons from the above electron configuration prominence with Jonathan Steed on week! 2 Valences: +2, +3 Electronegativity:1.17 Need an editable periodic table to?! The best magnets that money can buy with the largest reserves, derived from World Bank governance indicators for section!